Revelation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Revelation - Essay Example To consider what it means for Jesus to be â€Å"the son of God† in Christian theology can lead to different interpretation based on the school or church which the believer belongs to or derives teachings from personally. To see Jesus as the son of God is to recognize him as the founder of one of the world’s great religions, a holy prophet with a divine mission and message. This view is also to see Jesus’ teachings as forming the basis of morality in human civilization and as a mediating agent of afterlife or heaven. To view Jesus as a direct son of God is one way to approach and understand the power and majesty of his life, teaching, and ministry on earth, as well as to place faith in the heavenly afterlife where his full glory would be manifest in ways different than it can be experienced materially. To view Jesus as son of God is to view his teachings as proceeding from a source that is equivalent with the primordial force of creation in the universe, and the b eing that sustains all life through loving-kindness and care. As found in Matthew 1:1-2:12; Mark 1:1-20; Luke 1:1-2:52; John 1:1-18, and other scriptural chapters, to view Jesus as the Son of God awakens the soul of the individual to the ability to return to God’s full glory and grace through the purification of the being from sin. In viewing the soul as the vehicle of eternal life, and the universal love of God as the modality of the soul, Christian teaching can point a way to attain psychological and social states of awareness that lead to personal and collective good. II. The Gospel of John - Jesus' Command to Love One Another One of the deepest questions in Christianity is why it was necessary for Jesus to suffer and die on the cross, rather than using supernatural powers to escape this death and continue teaching on earth or vanquishing evil definitively and allowing for a world free from evil. From a theological standpoint, the Gospel of John is profound in meaning and proposes a solution related to these issues. For example, if God as understood in Christianity through the human experience is omnipotent and the source of power for even the smallest activities of natural life, why is the crucifixion of Jesus required and planned in advance in a manner that is suggestive of fatalistic determination by God rather than free will? When Jesus submits his human life and will to follow a path of events that he knows will lead to his death by crucifixion, the Gospel of John identifies the devil as a cause of Judas’ behavior. From this there arises the theological question of the nature or modality of evil in the world, and whether Christianity is fundamentally a dualist religion or a unitary one. In the passage John 13:1-5, the foot-washing ceremony appears at a critical point in Jesus’ life and teaching to the disciples after the Last Supper, and this passage is rich in both practical and theological meaning. The foot-washing ceremony is al most completely foreign to modern individuals in the West, though may be still practiced ritually in some Catholic, Baptist, and other congregations. On one level it means absolute humility through service, which Jesus is not only asking of the disciples but is actually giving to them through his example. The taboo against touching the feet of another person or the association of the feet with filth and defilement is common in the Arab world of the Middle East even today. By washing

Hong Kong affect its future economy Essay Example for Free

Hong Kong affect its future economy Essay This research project seeks to bring out the effects of the Hong Kong population structure on the future economy of Hong Kong. Hong Kong is a booming economy being one of the major financial districts of the South Asian region and its changing population structure has a lot to do with its workforce and in turn affects its working culture and present and future economic structure as well. Research Question: The research question for this project seek to study how or to what extent the population structure a regards to age and gender or social characteristics of the population tend to affect the present and future economy of Hong Kong. So there are two parts to this research project – the first part analyzes the population structure of Hong Kong with regards to the age and gender or social status and the second part brings out the economic structure of Hong Kong from its past to present changes and the future of Hong Kong economy in a more globalized world and the impact of global markets on the financial centre of Asia. The focused research question in this case brings out several dimension of the study as through the analysis of the qualitative and quantitative dimensions, the subjective and objective aspects of the study. The impact of the changes in population structure on the economy could be understood on the basis of changing population numbers and percentages quantitatively and the socioeconomic changes as understood qualitatively. The research question essentially focuses on the qualitative and quantitative dimensions of the research as it seeks to bring out the impact of population change in economic structure of Hong Kong in a descriptive manner and in accordance with socioeconomic changes, as in influence of wage, gender, age gaps and changes etc an also the direct statistical values and correlations between population and economic structures in terms of numbers and statistical values. The research question on the extent to which population structure affects the Hong Kong economy thus brings out this ‘extent’ in terms of numbers or real values as also in terms of description of changes in Hong Kong as what happens qualitatively when the population structure changes and what is the impact on the economy from a descriptive point of view. Like for example this can be related to lack of high living standards, poor health conditions of the elderly. These would be qualitative dimensions of the research and the values or percentages of changing population and simultaneously changing economy would be the quantitative aspects of research. These two methods are discussed further in the methodology section as given below. Background/Literature Review: A brief literature review is provided here and brings out the main points of research articles as published in journals and obtained from ingentaconnect or sciencedirect or JSTOR. The literature review is on the Hong Kong population and economic structure and articles published and written on these issues showing the impact of an ageing population on Hong Kong’s economy and job prospects and on the industries in Hong Kong as influenced by a global economy and ageing population. In this literature review section a study by Leigh (2006), a research article by Chui published 2003 and another by Fan and Lui (2003) have been selected. Leigh’s study shows the direct impact of ageing on Hong Kong’s economy, fiscal changes and living standards. Chui shows how the ageing population face problems of survival and housing in a fast paced Hong Kong economy and Fan and Lui talk of gender and wage gap in Hong Kong’s population that could redefine economic changes and structure. The studies chosen here highlight the qualitative aspects of the impact of ageing and gender changes in population or demography on the economic structure of Hong Kong. The participation of women has also increased significantly necessitating needs of study of the impact of gender on Hong Kong’s economy and how women’s participation in the workplace can change things for the economy. In a research article on the population structure of Hong Kong, Leigh (2006) has suggested that Hong Kong SAR’s population has been aging rapidly and aging could adversely affect the growth and living standards of people in Hong Kong. There has to be some change in economic and administrative policies in keeping with the aging or changing population according to the article. There is a high labor and productivity growth with increased migration of younger skilled workers from Chinese mainland in Hong Kong mainly due to Hong Kong’s booming economy and although this attenuates the economic impact of aging, there is no full offset of the impact of aging population on the economic structure of Hong Kong. According to Leigh, aging puts considerable pressure on public finances particularly as with aging there is also rising health costs that directly affect government spending. There are relatively fewer options that government has and opportunities to implement polices on this are also limited that could lessen the impact of aging on the governance and structure as demographic effects would start setting in by 2015 when the ratio of working population would peak. The Hong Kong SAR authorities have been focused on administrative and governance policies that would limit or reduce the fiscal impact of aging and they have also provided continued expenditure restraint on reform of health care financing with private health insurance systems, along with tax reforms and non age sensitive areas (Leigh, 2006). Considering the gradual ageing problem of Hong Kong, Chui (2001) suggest that Hong Kong as one of the Four Dragons of Asia is faced with the gradual ageing problem that seems to have affected the urban fabric of the city as also the general population. However one of the regions in which Hong Kong seems to be booming along with the economy is property development as Hong Kong is mainly based on a property led economy and the government as well as private and public property developers have been launching redevelopment projects for setting up new structures in Hong Kong. However as Chui points out the special needs problems of elderly people have not been attended to and most of Hong Kong’s elderly people are poor physically, financially and socially. However with urban renewal and changes, the elderly people are at disadvantage and face threats to their survival as they are not in a position to cope with the restructuring changes in Hong Kong’s fast paced urban development projects. There has also been a gradual weakening of the respect to Chinese traditional values and culture as for the respect given to the elderly and this along with nuclearization of families have added to the problems of the elderly. Chui writes that government housing policies in Hong Kong should emphasize on community care and ageing in place and help in solving housing problems and needs of the elderly. The study shows the plight of older people in Hong Kong, a booming economy in the South Asian region and a contrasting fate of the elderly people. The gender gap in wages has been analyzed by some researchers and the trend shows a narrowing gender gap in wages. According to Fan and Lui (2003), the narrowing gender gap may be related to women’s advantages compared with earlier times especially women’s changing positions at the workplace. Gender gap is found as smaller in occupations and industries that are less dependent on physical labour as men are more suitable for physically rigorous work. This shows that when an economy transforms from a manufacturing or production oriented approach to a more service oriented one, women’s productivity would be recognized an with increased women’s participation in service based economies, the gender gap on the basis of wage or participation at the workplace also decreases. A 1% random subsample was used in this study for two population censuses and the results of the experiment also support empirical results. Methodology The methodology to be used for this study will be both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The qualitative and quantitative data would be primarily available from the internet and research journal databases and journal articles will be selected along with studies by the Hong Kong government as based on the economic indicators, as well as statistical and other government reports on the population and GDP, GNP and labor or prices. Of course in this section we highlight the importance of theory and practice and differentiate between the theories and the practical implications of research and the use of methodology to explain these two features. The theories that will be dealt with will be economic theories and changes in the global economy along with changes in the Hong Kong economic structure. The practical implications here would be changes in the population structure statistically obtained and otherwise and population changes as indicated in journal articles that deal with ageing and its associated problems in Hong Kong. The theories and practice of the economic and population changes in Hong Kong will be obtained from journal articles selected from journal databases and these articles are obtained by using search terms such as ‘Hong Kong economy’, ‘Hong Kong population, ‘Ageing population, ‘South Asian Economy’, ‘Economic structure of Hong Kong, Population of Hong Kong, ‘Elderly in Hong Kong, ‘Employment in Hong Kong and Economy’ etc. As indicated in the later part of the study, the government’s reports on the economic changes and population changes have been given here and the results can be used to show the trends and the analysis can be done quantitatively and qualitatively to show the changes in population in terms of age, gender and wages or social status. In fact wage structure shows changes in economic conditions of the major part of population and results could be drawn to show how economy and wages would be related in turn to gender and age and the overall impact this has on the Hong Kong’s population structure could be drawn in the analysis and interpretation section of the results. The different possible methodological frameworks would be the qualitative methodology and the quantitative methodology. Qualitative methodology is about understanding the more qualitative or subjective aspects of the population and delineating the attributes or the characteristics of job changes, economic structure and population structure in Hong Kong. Quantitative methodology is about showing statistical tables and values and suggests the population and economic structural changes in terms of values or numbers as given in statistical tables. The impact of old age or ageing population on the economy as discussed qualitatively by researchers would form part of the study using journal articles and descriptions of the situation as given by researchers in articles and published papers as would be the quantitative aspects that are given in published reports and statistical tables giving values or numbers that define the changes in Hong Kong’s social, demographic and economic structure quantitatively in terms of values, statistics and numbers. A snapshot of the qualitative and quantitative primary data as would be used in the research study is given below and from some of the research papers as used in the literature review and the reports published by the Hong Kong government, the primary data in terms of tables or published research reports will be chosen and analyzed for the purposes of this study. The published articles or papers in journals as selected from ingenta, sciencedirect, JSTOR or other such databases thus provide the basis for qualitative primary data and the published research reports as available from Hong Kong government sites showing statistical analysis of population and economic structure form the more quantiatve aspects of this study and a balance of quantitative and qualitative methods will be considered for analysis of this research study. Social science research is largely based on ontological and epistemological propositions that help to understand consumer behavior and in this case population structure and government approach to population and how it affects Hong Kong economy in general. From the ontological point of view any phenomena could be analyzed objectively using economic data and in this case the economic structure of Hong Kong could be comparatively objectively analyzed considering other developed or developing economies and the effects of population on economy. The epistemological approach to methodology emphasizes on people’s perspectives and the subjective or qualitative aspects of research as already indicated. Positivistic and Interpretive theories in social science research focus on scientific data (as in positivism) in which experimental findings are of prime importance and interpretive analysis in which drawing out qualitative aspects and viewpoints of the researcher would be more important. The epistemological, interpretive positions are closer to qualitative methodology and the positivistic, ontological philosophies are akin to quantitative methodology as used in any research project. The Table below provides the population structure of Hong Kong by age and sex and as seen from the initial study of 2007 population growth and structure, 3. 9% of the population is above 60 years of age, 3. 4% of the population is above 65 or 70 years of age, 2. 7% of the population reaches above 75 year limit and 1. 7% of the population crosses the 80 year old mark. 1. 4% of the population is above 85 years. This suggests that a significant portion of the population is an aged population in Hong Kong and this is a change from 2006 in which the 60 year old population was at 3. 7% and above 75 year olds was at 2. 6% and above 85 year olds was at 1. 3%. The charts show that thee has been a slight yet significant increase in aging population of Hong Kong and considerable decrease in the young population as seen from the population data of 2006-2007. If data is attained over a period of last 10 years this aging population trend will however become more prominent and this will be elaborated in the methodology and data collection section of the research. This research table thus forms part of the resources that we use as data for our study on the effects of population on economic structure.

A Study Of Food And Culture

A Study Of Food And Culture INTRODUCTION This assignment is basically based on gastronomy. In this assignment we need to discuss about gastronomy and its influences such as cultural, science sustainability and how they are influences buy gastronomy. How gastronomy is related with culture, transportation religion and many more things. MAIN BODY DEFINITION Gastronomy is the study of food and culture, with a particular focus on gourmet cuisine. Modern gastronomy has its roots in several French texts published in the 1800s, but the idea of relating food, science, society, and the arts has been around much longer. True gastronomy is a demanding multidisciplinary art examining food itself along with its context, presentation, freshness, and history. While commonly associated with gourmets and gluttony, gastronomy is actually its own discipline, although some gourmets are certainly gastronomes, as are some gluttons. The principle of gastronomy is that food is a science, in addition to an art form. By understanding how all of the senses contribute to an experience, a gastronome can more completely understand what is happening when a consumer claims to dislike or enjoy a particular food item. Gastronomy also examines the sociological implications of food, along with integrating other social science disciplines such as anthropology, psychology, and philosophy. The role of food in the fine arts such as performance art, painting, and sculpture is also examined, as part of a closer look at the role of food in society in general. http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-gastronomy.htm INFLUENCE ON NATIONAL FOOD CULTURE People mostly connect to their cultural or ethnic group through food patterns. For Immigrants food now become the means of retaining their cultural identity. Each and every individual have different cultural backgrounds and have different eating habits. The ingredients, methods of preparation, preservation techniques, and types of food eaten at different meals are different among cultures. The areas and the climate factors in which families live- and geographical location where their ancestors originated also influence food likes and dislikes. These food preferences result in varieties of food choices within a different cultural or regional group. Food items themselves have meaning and some cultural identity attached to them. For example in many Western countries a box of chocolates would be viewed as an appropriate gift while in other countries chocolates might be a less appropriate gift. Different nations or countries are frequently associated with certain foods. For example, many people associate Italy with pizza and pasta but Italians eat many other foods, and types of pasta dishes are popular throughout Italy. Methods of preparation and types of food also vary by regions and culture of a nation. Some families in the United States prefer to eat meat and potatoes, but in some families meat and potatoes are not eaten on a regular basis, nor even preferred, by many in the United States, so would not be labelled as a national cuisine. Grits, a coarsely ground corn that is boiled, is eaten in the southern United States. A package of grits is only available in the largest supermarkets in the upper Midwest and its difficult to find even in large Midwestern supermarkets a long time ago. This may be called as the geographical effect. Regional food habits also exist in nations and countries but they also change by time. As people travel from place to place food habits and preferences are imported and exported. Families move to other nations, countries or places bringing their food preferences with them. They follow their old recipes with new ingredients available at different places or experiment with new recipes, incorporating ingredients to match their own tastes. In addition, food itself is imported from other countries. Nevertheless, what is considered edible or even a delicacy in some parts of the world might be considered inedible in other parts. Although most of the times food is selected with some attention to physical need, the values or beliefs by which society attaches to potential food items and define what families within a cultural group will eat. For example, both plant and animal sources may contribute to meeting nutritional requirements for protein; soybeans, beef, horsemeat, and dog meat are all adequate protein sources. Yet, due to the some values and beliefs attached to these protein sources, they are not considered in all societies. Moreover, even when the foods perceived to be undesirable are available, they are not eaten by people who have a strong emotional reaction against those potential food item. CULTURE AND RELIGION Types and food associated to British culture: British cuisine encompasses the cooking traditions of the British Isles. It reflects the cultural influence of the colonial era as well as post-war immigrations. British cuisine boasts of a rich variety of sumptuous dishes from its different regions. Staple foods include chicken, beef, pork, lamb and fish, served with potatoes and other vegetables. The most popular dishes are fish and chips, sandwiches, trifles, pies and roast As the result of both globalization and global environmental change food systems face dramatic transformations. Change in global environment influence the physical and socioeconomic conditions that underpin terrestrial and marine food systems., Globalization is also responsible for transforming the production and storage of food, , access to and consumption of food, and the quality and safety measures associated with food and eating habits. Both processes also have direct effects on agricultural production, livelihoods, and the agricultural economies as well. More important, both processes can take place at the same time and interacting to create dynamic conditions that influence vulnerability to both rapid and gradual environmental changes. Global environmental change affects food systems by various means such as, the loss of productive farmland, loss of biodiversity, and changing climate conditions, including increase in number of extreme climatic events such as droughts and floods. Globalization-related changes also include liberalization of trade in agriculture products which also spreads the eating and buying habits from different culture, and supports for agricultural production, expansion of the role of multinational corporations and supermarkets in food production and distribution, it also results in shifts toward urban and industrial land uses. Food is also considered an important part of religious observance and spiritual ritual of many faiths including Christianity, Judaism, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism. The role and importance of food in cultural practices and religious beliefs is complex and varies among different communities. Any introduction to such a diversified and complex topic will not be able to explain each and everything. Here are some examples of some ways in which various religious groups considered food a vital part of their faith. Understanding the role of food in cultural and religious practice is an important part of showing respect and responding to needs of people from a range of religious communities. This understanding towards different food culture also helps in increasing art of food, adding dishes from different menus and also helps in increasing revenues from tourist from different cultures and traditions. However, it is important to not to make any assumptions about persons culture and beliefs. T he various faiths of Christianity include Roman Catholic, Orthodox and Protestant. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY In this competitive and new era chefs (the main body of kitchen) are sometimes blamed of turning their kitchens very similar into scientific laboratories, theres no doubt that when they heat a piece of meat in the kitchen the reaction that takes place is a chemical reaction as in science labs. Science and cooking both are processes that have some rules and methods to follow and also go hand-in-hand, now more than ever before. The relation between science and cuisine is nothing new; we have several examples of this relation in past years as well. Studies such as chemistry, physics, biology and botany have always been closely related to cooking and also prove their existence in various terms. The terms molecular gastronomy and molecular cuisine become the topics of debates from a long time and the existence of science-based cuisine is also a controversial issue. To know about these terms in detail or to make the practical existence of such terms we need to consider or follow the approach adopted by chefs trained for such types of kitchens and other experts who want to know why things happen and have knowledge for their chemical reactions and which reaction is useful which is not. These types of kitchens and terms such as molecular gastronomy or cuisine will be no longer the topic of debates if they run under the guidance of their experts. Technology has dramatically improved and reshaped every part of our lives including kitchen standards as well. It doesnt left any aspect of our existence untouched. It also revolutionized the way we work, entertain ourselves and even change the concept of our eating and cooking patterns. The food industry has increasingly developed and modernized by adopting more advanced and latest technologies that can help us in bringing healthier, fresher and more varieties of food. In this modern era, the marketplace offers a vast variety of foods influenced by different people and cultures and we have a wide range to choose from, at a better quality and lower prices than in the past. With the introduction of new technologies and processes businesses can offer better products and services to the consumers in increasingly larger quantities and thus, satisfy a wider range of market. The same phenomenon works for the companies in the food industry. The expression nouvelle cuisine has been used several times in the course of the history of cooking, particularly in France in the middle of the eighteenth century. It was introduced to subordinate the practice of cooking to principles of chemistry that were to be established by Lavoisier later on. People had mixed feelings about it: for instance, Voltaire wrote I must say that my stomach does not at all agree with the nouvelle cuisine.' Today nouvelle cuisine refers to a trend of opinion that appeared in France in the 1960s. At the time, it caught on rapidly and was a great international success. Yet, as it got tangled up in its contradiction, it stopped being fashionable, and nowadays it has a negative connotation. In spite of that, it was an innovative and quite important movement, which brought about a revolution within the Grande cuisine whose lessons are still present in the grand chefs minds. http://www.enotes.com/nouvelle-cuisine-reference/nouvelle-cuisine LIFESTYLE, MEDIA AND INDIVIDUALS Today is the age of media; media is now become the backbone of every society and has a vital role in every field including kitchens as well. The universe of food-related blogs in particular is vast. It is estimated that there are at least 33,000 such blogs out there in cyberspace, but no one can give an exact or even approximate number of such blogs; this is one of the new and the widely using trend of the media. Some of the examples of Social networking sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Stumble Upon and Blog Her provide valuable means for bloggers to connect with each other and share their content and views about different food ,ingredients ,recipes and methods , while food-specific communities such as Food Buzz (and countless others!) offer even more targeted networking. Add to these mix sites where users can post their reviews of restaurants, food shops and markets, such as Yelp, Chowhound and Trip Advisor and it becomes clear that the media space related to gastronomy is very wide and virtually endless. In addition means of television also plays a very vital role; there are many TV channels that telecast many cookery shows, travel guides and also provide information about different gastronomies. Media makes easy to travel with full information about the place to be visited. GEOGRAPHY AND TRANSPORTATION: As long as there has been food in existence, there has been gastronomy in some form or another. Questions regarding our eating habits have always been around: How can we add taste and make our food special? Which ingredients provide the best boost of energy? What types of foods have healing properties in them and how can we cultivate them to get more of it? Later on, cuisine became more specialized, and cooking books and apprenticeships are also developed to provide instruction on the preparation of different kinds of food. However, it wasnt until the 1800s that gastronomy started to develop as an actual field of study. Instead of simply learning how to make food, people began to focus on how dining could be an experience-how the senses interacted in order to create a whole meal to be enjoyed. Gastronomy is such a wide concept that no country can be away from its influence. There are many countries in which the influence of gastronomy and its related terms such as molecular gastronomy can be clearly seen. The main countries influenced by gastronomy are Spain, Italy, Germany, Switzerland, France, Belgium and many other European countries. The history and popularity of Indian food in Britain is now almost four hundred years old and it has not only affected the cuisine but also a great change in the United Kingdom but also in its native land. In this field of food the reports of occasional explorers play a great role but the story really starts with the arrival in Surat of the English merchants of the East India Company in 1608 and then again and more successfully in 1612. As with the explorers or merchants the influence of the British in India grew, so did the popularity of Indian food back in Britain, leading to the publishing of recipes and Indian ingredients and the creation of curry powder at commercial level in 1780? The introduction of curry on a menu was at the Coffee House in Norris Street, Haymarket, London in 1773 but the first establishment dedicated to Indian cuisine was the Hindostanee Coffee House at 34 George Street, Portman Square, London in 1809 as recorded in The Epicures Almanack. It was opened by Dean Mahomet (or Mohamed/Mahomed) (See article) from Patna, Bihar, India, via Cork in Ireland. He appreciated the all Indian things and also offered a house for the Nobility and Gentry where they might enjoy the Hookha with real Chilm tobacco and Indian dishes of the highest perfection with real Indian taste. He also considered the Indian chefs for the real Indian taste. http://www.menumagazine.co.uk/book/restauranthistory.html As per UK gastronomy the growth of fast food is increasing day by day like people like fish and chips, burgers, KFC and many other fast food brands rather than having the proper meal. In which the quantity of vegetarian people is very less. As per the data and research people prefer organic food rather than other normal food. They are more conscious about healthy eating. The objective of food garnishing is, usually, to portray or to show the inherent beauty of food. And, just as when you are preparing food for eating, garnishing is one of the easiest and the important way of enhancing a dish for the camera. A garnish should be chosen very carefully, so that garnish can add just the right splash of colour in the dish, textural detail and/or height which really lifts the final image of the food. Some foods, such as mousses and soups can sometimes be difficult to capture their effect because of their flat and monotone surfaces. Adding a right and appropriate garnish makes it more attractive and also captures the eye of the customers. Sustainable agriculture as a means of the local farming is the practice of farming using principles of ecology, the study of relationships between organisms and their local environment. It has been defined as an integrated process of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that will remain over the long term: in other words it is farming with natural resources. Conservation of natural resources is the main aim of this practice. This practice helps in satisfying human food and fibre needs of the people by natural way. Also helps in enhancing the environmental quality by understanding ecology system. It also proves beneficial in making the most efficient and appropriate use of non-renewable resources and integrate, natural biological cycles and controls. Enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole by providing various agriculture related benefits and also helps in minimising the farming related expenses. CONCLUSION At the end of the assignment author would like to conclude gastronomy plays a vital role in the hospitality industry. Art and science of food is appreciated all over the world and is also considered as value added equipment for the hotel industry. Gastronomy is influence by many factors such as culture, beliefs science, media and many more. It is one of the emerging trends of each and every country. It is also used as a tool to attract tourist from different parts of the world. Gastronomy proves itself as a revenue generating tool for hospitality industry.

rye :: essays research papers

It is in the early hours of Monday morning when Holden returns Grand Central Station. He decides to sleep on one of the benches in the waiting room because he has nowhere else to go. He wakes around nine, as the hustle and bustle of the working day begins. He thinks about the night before and the incident with Mr. Antolini; he wonders if he has misinterpreted Antolini’s touch. Disturbed by these though, he tries to think of something else. He reads a magazine someone has left behind. It is some kind of health magazine, however, and Holden gets more depressed, certain he has cancer and is dying. Holden decides to go out and buy himself an inexpensive breakfast. He does not want to spend too much of Phoebe’s money. Since his stomach is upset, he just drinks coffee. He leaves the train station and walks out to Fifth Avenue. All around him, people seem to be in the Christmas spirit, which is depressing to Holden. He begins to imagine he is disappearing, becoming invisible. He thinks the distance it takes to cross the street keeps growing and fears he will never reach the other side; it is like a death dream. He then begins to talk to his dead brother, asking him to help him cross the street. Each time Holden makes it across another street, he thanks Allie. After a while, Holden sits down on a bench to formulate a plan of action. He decides he will hitchhike "way out west". However, he decides to meet Phoebe one last time and say good-bye. He goes to her school and delivers a note asking her to meet him in the Metropolitan Museum of Art for lunch. Since he has nothing else to do, he goes to the museum to wait. While Holden waits, he meets two young boys and helps them locate the display of Egyptian mummies. The tomb-like structure makes Holden ill, and he goes to the bathroom and faints. Once he revives, he goes out to wait for Phoebe.

Ontology

The Ontological argument would be that by the use of reason and intuition, if man can think of or conceive God, then God must exist. The Teleological argument would be that there is agreed upon evidence that everything in nature has a purpose or reason for being. This being true, then God has to exist by reason that God created all of this and gave it purpose. The Cosmological argument would be that everything is created with for a reason and the God gave everything that reason. I think Cosmological and Teleological arguments are similar in this way of thinking. The philosopher I believe made the strongest impact on me would be Leibniz and the Cosmological argument. Our lives and existence on this planet our so complicated, yet everything seems to fit together and serve a purpose. I know that things happen in the world and we wonder what purpose did that serve, why did that have to happen. In the end, if we really look at the event objectively and without emotion, we can find the reason. I think of just one thing, the human body, and I have to marvel in its design. How could someone come up with the idea and design which allows our bodies to function? We are, in essence a perpetual motion machine. Our systems are more complicated then any other piece of machinery out there and even with all of our advancements in computers, not one can compete with the human brain. They are amazing, yet they are only as smart as the person who programmed it. Yes, some of them are able to learn but this is only because the programmer has taught them to do so. This is just one aspect of life. You do not have to believe in God per say, but you can not go outside and look around you and not believe that there has to be something out there.

About His Person Analysis Essay

â€Å"About his person†, suggests that this poem is about what is found about the person of a dead corpse. It also follows the theme of identity because we as the reader are attempting to analyse the poem to find out the corpse’s characteristics and why he died. â€Å"About he person†, can also be linked to us because we are made to think about what makes up our own personal image. My first observation about the poem is the fact that it is spilt into two line couplets. This could be linked to the content because the lines are short which could represent his short life, but they also give the impression of a list, which ties into the fact that the poem is basically a catalogue of what was found on the body. Stanza one says that the corpse had exactly five pounds fifty in change. This in itself is strange because it isn’t normal to carry around that exact amount of money. The comma on line one helps to exaggerate the fact that this isn’t normal and we are mad to think of possible reasons for him having this money. The next line shows that a library card was found on the corpse and that it was on its date of expiry. This could symbolise that his life has ended or that his life, like the card, is no longer any good. The next stanza is about a post card that was found. The card has been stamped and franked which means it is basically ready to send, but nothing has been written on it. This could definitely be a metaphor for his life, it has finished but he hasn’t done anything with it. The commas in this section make us read the words slower and help us to realise something wrong with the post card. Stanza three is all about this person’s diary. It has been slashed from March 24th to the 1st April. This could have been his last week alive and the person could have died on April fools day, which could suggest a poor practical joke. It may also show that this person life was a joke and was meaningless. Stanza four is a very interesting part of the poem. It says that the corpse is found with a brace of keys for a mortise lock. The word brace is symbolic  for his death because when you kill foul you would normally end up with a brace of birds. The mortise lock suggests that his life was very complicated because mortise locks are complicated lock mechanisms. The next line describes that the man was carrying a stopped analogue watch. This is very symbolic of his death because time has stopped for the watch and for this person. The line is also written with commas between the words. This makes us read the words like the ticking of a clock, which is slowly dieing and eventually stops. Stanza five contains the line, â€Å"A final demand.† This is normally a letter you get when you owe bank money. This would suggest that this man was so badly in debt that he killed himself. The next line could also prove this meaning because he was holding the final demand in his own hand and died because of the letter, but there is a different meaning to this stanza. â€Å"In his own hand,† could mean that the final demand was written in his handwriting. This would mean that he has written his final demand to the world that may mean the letter was some kind or suicide note. Stanzas six and seven, link in with stanza five and helps to prove my last idea. The final demand is an explanation of why he committed suicide and has been put in his hand like a flower that has been beheaded. This flower could also be a metaphor for his death because the flower is dead but it could also reflect the reason for his death. I presume that this person has killed himself because of a relationship, this means that he would have probably lost something beautiful form his life, like his wife. This is the same with the flower because it has lost its beautiful head. The next line a shopping list, links in with the fact that he has exactly five pounds fifty in change. He could have the exact money needed for what is on this list. This ties in with stanza four and the mortise lock because this person has a complicated life and this is shown by counting out the exact money needed for what is on his list. Most people would take excess money to the shops but this person has to complicate things. Stanza eight shows that a giveaway photo was found inside this person’s wallet and that it was a very precious and treasured thing to the owner. The  fact that this is a giveaway photo may mean that it meant nothing to the person in the picture but the fact that this is now banked in the heart of a locket shows it was very important to the dead man. It may be of his partner who is now dead which would make it even more treasured. The photo is described as being stashed and banked which shows how important it was to this person and how he tried to keep it safe. The last two stanzas are very much liked together. The first is saying that there is no gold or silver wedding ring on his finger but instead crowing one finger is a weathered spot where a ring used to be. The fact that the word crowing is used means that this was extremely important to the wearer and has a royal quality to it. The last line has two possible meanings that I can see. The first being,† that was everything,† as being the end of list and that was all that was found on the dead body. The other could mean that the ring of unweathered skin was everything. The ring less finger could be the reason for the suicide. This person could have lost his wife and so killed himself. While reading the poem I also get the feeling that this man didn’t commit suicide because of the death of his wife. I think that someone could have murdered this person and then his ring was stolen. I get this feeling for a number of different reasons. The first being that his analogue self-winding watch has stopped, it should continue to work because it is self-winding but instead it has been brought to an end. This is how I see this person’s death, he wasn’t supposed to die, but still his life has come to an end. I think that the watch was probably damaged during a fight of some sort and then gradually died. I also think that this person could have been murdered because his note of explanation has been planted in his hand. This could mean that the note was planted because this links with the spray carnation, which is a flower, or it could have been planted on the body, in his hand, by the murderer. The final piece of evidence I see for the murder is that there was giveaway photo in his wallet. This could be a giveaway photo as I have already said or it could be a photo that gives away the identity of the killer or some information on the crime. Overall I think that this poem shows a lonely guy who due to desperation has killed himself because of the death or divorce of his greatly loved partner. That’s why I would agree that the ring of white unweathered skin, â€Å"That was everything.†

Needles, Knives, and Bones essays

Needles, Knives, and Bones essays There are many different types of medical care in the world. Two types are traditional medicine and chiropractic care which is also known as western medicine. These two types of medical care differ in a great number of aspects and yet share many similarities at the same time. Chiropractic care and traditional medical care resemble each other in many ways. One is that they both recommend to their patients the use of painkillers or anti-inflammatories to help with soreness. In addition, when patients go to either of the doctors, an initial exam is performed where their medical history and current physical condition are studied. This initial exam is performed at the first visit to either of the doctors offices. After the doctors diagnoses the patients, they will then recommend that the patients do an exercise-oriented rehabilitation. Ice and heat are also recommended by both types of doctors in addition to an exercise-oriented rehabilitation. Along with treating problems the same, doctors of chiropractic and traditional medical doctors also both use x-rays and MRIs to help find the cause of the aches or illnesses. Both chiropractors and medical doctors are covered by patients insurance, and they both need to follow strict regulations about patient privacy, which are called HIPAA regulations. With many of the similarities between doctors of chiropractic and doctors of medicine having been stated, the numerous differences between the two types of medical care will now be looked at. One of which is that while both doctors will recommend that their patients use anti-inflammatories and painkillers to help ease their pain, medical doctors use prescription medications such as cortisone, celecoxib, and rofecoxib, and chiropractors use over-the-counter medications such as Aleve, Tylenol, and Ibuprofen. Chiropractors are also known to suggest natural supplement to be taken by their patients. For example, Gluco...

de kleine blonde dood essays

de kleine blonde dood essays Het onderwerp van de tekst is in het begin de relatie tussen Boudewijn en zijn vader en later zijn zoontje Micky. Ik vind het beide wel interessante onderwerpen, maar als het over zijn vader gaat, vind ik het soms een beetje saai. Dat is vaak hetzelfde. Ik vind dat de schrijver het onderwerp goed uitwerkt. Hij vertelt alles op een manier zodat je helemaal in het verhaal opgaat, omdat hij het vertelt zo als hij het meemaakt. Ik denk wel eens na over de onderwerpen oorlog en het overlijden van een kind, en door dit boek zijn mijn gedachten daarover niet veranderd. Ik denk dat de belangrijkste gebeurtenissen zijn de woedeaanvallen van Boudewijns vader, dat Boudewijn in een psychiatrisch ziekenhuis komt en later in een gewoon ziekenhuis. En later in het verhaal dat Boudewijn een zoontje krijgt, dat Boudewijns vader overlijdt en dat daarna Boudewijns zoontje overlijdt. De gebeurtenissen zijn allemaal goed gedetailleerd en duidelijk beschreven, heel uitgebreid. De gebeurtenissen worden allemaal door de hoofdpersoon zelf verteld, dus de gedachten en gevoelens van de hoofdpersoon spelen denk ik een even grote rol als de gebeurtenissen want het gaat allemaal over hetzelfde en is dus ook wel even belangrijk. De gebeurtenis die de meeste indruk op mij heeft gemaakt is wanneer Micky overlijdt in het ziekenhuis. Dat vond ik zo zielig, dat Boudewijn zelf moest beslissen of Micky bleef leven of niet, heel ontroerend. De hoofdpersoon van dit verhaal is Boudewijn en andere belangrijke personen zijn vader Rainer (als Boudewijn het over zijn jeugd heeft) en zijn zoontje Micky (als hij het over de tijd vlak voor Mickys dood heeft). Rainer is de vader van Boudewijn, Micky is het zoontje van Boudewijn. De belangrijkste gebeurtenissen zijn in het begin de woedeaanvallen van Boudewijns vader, dat Boudewijn in een psychiatrisch ziekenhuis wordt opgenomen en daarna blindedarmontsteking krijgt. En ...

An Inverted Tooth Chain Engineering Essay

An Inverted Tooth Chain Engineering Essay An inverted-tooth chain operates quietly and smoothly and is also known as a silent chain. Silent chain consists of a series of toothed link plates assembled on joint components in a way that allows free flexing between each pitch. The teeth on the link plates mesh with a sprocket, similar to the way a rack meshes with a gear. The great majority of silent chain is used in drives. Silent chains are made up of stacked rows of load carrying link plates. Increasing the number of rows of links increases the chain width, tensile strength, and load carrying capacity. Using this feature, manufacturers make silent chains ranging from less than a 1 in. wide to more than 20 in. wide, with power capacities ranging from a fraction of a horsepower to more than 2000 hp. A chain is a reliable machine component, which transmits power by means of tensile forces, and is used primarily for power transmission and conveyance systems. The function and uses of chain are similar to a belt. There are many ki nds of chain. It is convenient to sort types of chain by either material of composition or method of construction. There are five types of chains: Cast iron chain Cast steel chain Forged chain Steel chain Plastic chain Demand for the first three chain types is now decreasing; they are only used in some special situations. For example, cast iron chain is part of water-treatment equipment; forged chain is used in overhead conveyors for automobile factories. History: Chains have been used for centuries to drive machines and move materials on conveyors and elevators. In 225 B C, Philo described a chain- driven water lift. Leonard da Vinci sketched the chain designs in the 1500s. Some are similar to modern bar link, leaf, and silent chains. Cog chain was developed in the early 1800s to transmit power or motion between the shafts of treadmills to water elevators, weaving looms and harvesting machinery. This chain was used to mechanize farm implements, but it broke easily and was difficult to repair in the field. Cast detachable chain was introduced in 1873 and overcome many of the problems of cog chain. This chain was made of simple identical cast links that were easily coupled and uncoupled by hand. This basic detachable chain design is one of the early chain concepts that have been unchanged nowadays also. After few years cast detachable chain was introduced, a chain made of all steel parts was introduced for driving bicycles. A patent for roller chain was issued in 1880. By early 1900s, roller chains drove the wheels of safety bicycles, as well as automobiles, trucks, and the propellers of the Wright Brothers airplane that flew at Kitty Hawk. Two major factors combined to make the roller chain industry were automation and standardization. Automation helped manufacturers meet the demand for the large amounts of high quality that were used on machines made by other industries. Standard dimensions and capacities ensured that roller chains would fit and operate as th e designer planned. The result was that the industry soon became as the precision roller chain industry.

Have social movements been successful in achieving their objectives in Essay

Have social movements been successful in achieving their objectives in Latin America - Essay Example The good thing about these social revolts is their capacity to bring forward advantages on the part of various social movements which continue to evolve, making them more sophisticated and expert on achieving their objectives. In this paper, the proponent tries to explore significant proofs which substantially points out social movements in Latin America to have been successful in achieving their objectives. The case of Rural Landless Workers Movement The Rural Landless Workers Movement (MST) is a case of how a social movement has been successful in Latin America based on the achievement of its objectives. There are specifically two important points MST has substantially done in order to fulfill its objectives. The first point is its ability to maintain strong level of leadership towards its members. It has become a highly structured group knowing that it involves thousands of members. In groups like this, a modern approach in leadership is necessary in order to unite the team with o nly one vision and goal. Furthermore, MST learned enough the power of taking advantage on achieving allies. As a result, MST was able to combine forces with other social movements in Brazil. The very presence of these various social movements in Brazil alone is a substantial proof that people have seen them as potential tools in achieving objectives through a specific social transformation. All of these proved that social movements in Brazil can be the best and powerful way on how the masses of people substantially can achieve their personal claims in a society where everyone seems to have varying social, political, and economic needs. The (MST) in Brazil, having more than 300,000 members and consisting of 350,000 peasant families, is a highly organised social movement in Latin America with allies in other social movements such as urban Homeless Movement, the Catholic Pastoral Rural (Rural Pastoral Agency), sectors of the trade union movement (CUT), the left-wing of the Workers Part y (PT) and academic faculty and students (Petras, 2009). This social movement is capable of organising effective tactics in allocating land for their thousands of landless rural workers and their families on the lands of giant latifundistas, plus being able to succeed in placing their agrarian reform on the national agenda, and elected â€Å"Lula† Da Silva of the Workers Party in the 2002 presidential elections (Petras, 2009). MST is a picture of a highly sophisticated social movement having been able to penetrate the core foundation of social transformation. Its ability to create a better foundation for its entire movement is a specific proof that it has substantially created a remarkable way on how to obtain its specific objectives. Its ability to organise a large social group of 300,000 members and 350,000 peasant families was enough to create a strong allies with other social movements. What is depicted in this issue is the thought that in Brazil alone, social movements h ave become so widely considered and even have created a powerful force to influence the ongoing social transformation. This is the very reason why MST for instance was substantially able to penetrate and influence

Sociology and Anthropology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Sociology and Anthropology - Essay Example Since most people know that smoking is hazardous to people’s health, just a limited number really understands what other social problems smoking can cause to both the people and the entire society. As stated, smoking results in death. According to the World Health Organization, smoking holds responsibility for every single death in five. Extent of Effects of Smoking as a Social Problem Apart from deaths, smoking extended illnesses such as cancer, respiratory and heart diseases among others. Facts maintain that continuous smoking can lead to cancer, which is a killer in both the contemporary United States and the world. Furthermore, smoking claims a higher percentage of heart diseases and respiratory illnesses in America. Smoking also causes liver cirrhosis, which, in turn, results in death if not treated early enough (McEachern, 2010). As people continue to wonder about the direct effects of smoking, research observations reveal that passive smoking, which is a common phenomen on among most Americans, causes lung cancer. Passive smoking is as endangering as it has links with cot death and asthma in children as well as glue gear (Barrett, 2009). Therefore, it is agreeable to say that smoking does not only affect whoever is smoking but also affects those around him. Additionally, contemporary United States, among other countries, is part of the largest producers of tobacco leafs. Tobacco planting results in deforestation as planters must clear the bushes before they replace them with tobacco trees (Gobo, 2004). This shows that the need for smoking leads to deforestation, which in the end results in lack of land for other agricultural purposes. Consequently, people suffer from poverty and other social problems due to tobacco plating in the contemporary United States. Further, the level of crime is on the increase in contemporary United States (Delamater & Myers, 2010). Criminal investigations record the habit of smoking among the youth as one of the most com mon motives of indulging in crime. This is because smoking among teenagers in contemporary United States goes hand in hand with other substance abuse. As a result, the need for more of these substances and lack of resources to acquire them among this generation accounts for their involvement in criminal activities (Barrett, 2009). Sociological Theory That Explains Smoking Interestingly, sociologists and other great thinkers tend to theorize almost everything. Through theorizing, they believe they can set forth better platforms where people can understand certain phenomena. The theory of structural functionalism explains smoking by aiding in establishing the factors that lead to smoking (McEachern, 2010). Additionally, it tries to expound on matters relevant to ways of stopping the habit of smoking. Sociologists in the criminal department have made the use of structural functionalism as a core element in trying to establish the type and amount of smokes, and the time consumed by smok ers. The theory of structural functionalism tries to provide empirical and modified range of type of cigarette that a particular person has been smoking (Evans, 2009). This symbolic dialect also encompasses the application of the theory of symbolic interactionalism which is a social psychological instrument used by sociologists in establishing the amount of smokes consumed by the subject. Essay Two The Nature-Nurture Debate The nature-nurture controversy has been and still is a

Compensation and Labor Relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Compensation and Labor Relations - Assignment Example Notably, effective collective bargaining improves labour relations. The most common approaches to bargaining are the traditional or adversarial approach and integrative or win-win bargaining (Sharp 98). The process of collective bargaining has always been adversarial in nature and this has always caused rifts in the organizational decision making process. In this approach to bargaining, both parties involves, usually the union and the management, present their own agenda and have no idea of each other’s problems. It is a give and take approach to negotiation where one side’s loss is another side’s gain(Carly 198). Another way in which labour relations and collective bargaining can be carried out is through integrative approach. Integrative approach strives for mutual understanding and it concentrates more on the goals and concerns common to both parties. Here, both parties clearly understand the issues and solve the problems jointly and as a result, both of them will gain mutually as there will be equitable solution. Integrative bargaining aims at creating solutions that satisfies the needs of both parties (Carly 198). It demands that each side be aware of the issues affecting the other side. The labour union and the management provide a list explaining their needs and so the discussion is based on the possible ways to meet those needs in manner acceptable and beneficial to both parties. This approach to collective bargaining is very positive and it is commonly used in many modern union-management contracts. Many workers are not satisfied with their jobs and in most cases it is because of low wages. Notably, workers who are dissatisfied with their pay do leave their job for better opportunities. Dissatisfied workers exhibit withdrawal behaviours such as lateness, absenteeism and finally quitting their jobs. Quitting and seeking job in other factories that pay better is the most

Accountability Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Accountability - Research Paper Example In a world that is increasingly becoming globalised with transnational companies reigning in economic power and supremacy, there is growing laxity in regard to the implementation of environmental regulations and high tolerance to human rights violations.The transnational companies currently are not liable to charges in regard to the destruction of the environment under international law which means that when harm is caused to individuals and by extension to future generations by a party, the party is bound to go scot free. What this implies is that international law does not give due respect to environmental accountability. While nations have instituted laws that regulate anthropogenic activities in relation to their impacts on the environment, many of these are lax giving people and organizations to become less accountable to future generations as they degrade the environment. Many have argued repeatedly that the world belongs to the future generation. The future generation in this context is the children and those who are yet to be born. However, the children have neither the power to vote nor the financial or political power to influence decisions made by the government that may affect their future well-being according to the World Commission on Environment and Development (1997) . This implies that their future wholly depends on the institutional and governance mechanisms put in place by the government.This implies that their future wholly depends on the institutional and governance mechanisms put in place by the government. Therefore, to ensure the well-being of the future generation, the government must be accountable to the children at different levels. Accountability, according to the free dictionary, is the duty bestowed upon an organization or individual to account for its actions and accept liability for them as well as disclosing the outcomes of activities to the stakeholders2. Accountability for future generation, therefore, implies protecting the rights of every child in the country by ensuring that they live in an environment that is secure and has adequate health facilities to promote their well-being. Accountability also entails managing and protecting the environment for the benefit of both present and future generation. This can be achieved by guaranteeing both the present and future generations the right to public participation in decision-makings, access to information and justice in matters related to the environment3. This paper examines the concept of accountability in light of the rights and interests of future generation. Part I Various stakeholders demand for accountability, sometimes their demands contrasting one another. Businesses for example demand that the government provide an environment that is safe and secure – one in which business can thrive with minimum threats. Furthermore, businesses demand that the environment is conducive for living. In this respect, the organizations call upon the governm ent to be more accountable in ensuring that the natural environment is clean and devoid of physical threats. On the other hand, the government and members of the public demand that businesses take action to minimize the negative effects of their production activities on the environment. For example, the by instituting carbon accounting laws and instituting regulations regarding the control of environmental pollution by individuals and organizations, the government calls for greater accountability to the environment. The parties of which accountability is demanded, however, often find the responsibility taxing as it is associated with certain costs. It has been noted by several quarters that the future of the planet and generations to come depend on how accountable the present generation is to the environment. With this being the case, the issue of sustainable development has become a subject of great debate as businesses and governments strive to strike a balance between the present use of resources for the profit of organizations and the present generations and the good of future generations. The General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and

Sales Management - Report on Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Sales Management - Report on - Case Study Example The company may wish to examine changing the bonus structure from an annual structure to a quarterly method to enhance motivations for those extrinsically motivated. Research indicates that there is another poor performer in the sales group, Robert, who may also be reliant on extrinsic motivational rewards. Based on all statistics and qualitative evaluations of performance, it is recommended that Concorde develop a training program that focuses on cost controls, lean ideology and production surplus to assist salespersons in reducing expenses that are contributing to a low average gross margin. Jose, especially, requires empathic yet assertive discourse about his performance to motivate and inspire Jose to take responsibility for his sales leadership deficiencies. Concorde and Associates, a company specialising in the sale of computer peripherals to major computer manufacturers, achieved a marginal increase in sales which only surpassed sales forecasts by one percent. During the formal performance evaluation period, the regional sales manager began an investigation into the performance statistics of the sales team to determine which were over-performing and which staff members under-performing. Jose, a sales representative from the Arizona territory, had fallen short of achieving the sales expected in his established sales quota on three of the four main product lines offered by the company. Jose was the largest under-performer in the business, which requires a critical assessment of what strategies should be employed to improve his performance and, if appropriate, other salespersons not achieving expected performance goals. This report highlights what might have contributed to Jose’s poor performance, evaluates other salespersons that might have moderate performance issues, highlights the approach that should be taken to fairly and accurately evaluate Jose’s total performance and provides

Compensation and Labor Relations Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Compensation and Labor Relations - Assignment Example Notably, effective collective bargaining improves labour relations. The most common approaches to bargaining are the traditional or adversarial approach and integrative or win-win bargaining (Sharp 98). The process of collective bargaining has always been adversarial in nature and this has always caused rifts in the organizational decision making process. In this approach to bargaining, both parties involves, usually the union and the management, present their own agenda and have no idea of each other’s problems. It is a give and take approach to negotiation where one side’s loss is another side’s gain(Carly 198). Another way in which labour relations and collective bargaining can be carried out is through integrative approach. Integrative approach strives for mutual understanding and it concentrates more on the goals and concerns common to both parties. Here, both parties clearly understand the issues and solve the problems jointly and as a result, both of them will gain mutually as there will be equitable solution. Integrative bargaining aims at creating solutions that satisfies the needs of both parties (Carly 198). It demands that each side be aware of the issues affecting the other side. The labour union and the management provide a list explaining their needs and so the discussion is based on the possible ways to meet those needs in manner acceptable and beneficial to both parties. This approach to collective bargaining is very positive and it is commonly used in many modern union-management contracts. Many workers are not satisfied with their jobs and in most cases it is because of low wages. Notably, workers who are dissatisfied with their pay do leave their job for better opportunities. Dissatisfied workers exhibit withdrawal behaviours such as lateness, absenteeism and finally quitting their jobs. Quitting and seeking job in other factories that pay better is the most

Sales Management - Report on Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Sales Management - Report on - Case Study Example The company may wish to examine changing the bonus structure from an annual structure to a quarterly method to enhance motivations for those extrinsically motivated. Research indicates that there is another poor performer in the sales group, Robert, who may also be reliant on extrinsic motivational rewards. Based on all statistics and qualitative evaluations of performance, it is recommended that Concorde develop a training program that focuses on cost controls, lean ideology and production surplus to assist salespersons in reducing expenses that are contributing to a low average gross margin. Jose, especially, requires empathic yet assertive discourse about his performance to motivate and inspire Jose to take responsibility for his sales leadership deficiencies. Concorde and Associates, a company specialising in the sale of computer peripherals to major computer manufacturers, achieved a marginal increase in sales which only surpassed sales forecasts by one percent. During the formal performance evaluation period, the regional sales manager began an investigation into the performance statistics of the sales team to determine which were over-performing and which staff members under-performing. Jose, a sales representative from the Arizona territory, had fallen short of achieving the sales expected in his established sales quota on three of the four main product lines offered by the company. Jose was the largest under-performer in the business, which requires a critical assessment of what strategies should be employed to improve his performance and, if appropriate, other salespersons not achieving expected performance goals. This report highlights what might have contributed to Jose’s poor performance, evaluates other salespersons that might have moderate performance issues, highlights the approach that should be taken to fairly and accurately evaluate Jose’s total performance and provides

Casino gambling in Hong Kong Essay Example for Free

Casino gambling in Hong Kong Essay Recently, there is a storm of controversy over the latest scheme regarding the legalization of casino gambling. Advocates of the proposal reckon that such policy is a hope for the unemployed whereas contenders fear the growth of gambling business will have negative influence to our next generation’s values. Before we have our decision made, let us make an in-depth analysis into both advantages and disadvantages of the issue. As presumed, the rise of gambling industry is bound to produce job opportunities. To maintain the operation of a casino, it requires any amount of human resources such as a manager to take care of the administration, a security guard to ensure the situation of casino is under control. Most importantly, casinos provide the jobless with a wide variety of low-skilled work. Unlike college graduates, it is not that easy for lowly-educated job seekers to find a permanent job in such a knowledgeable society. Those who lack education is always the majority of unemployment and thus, if these people receive a stable job from the development of casino, a drop of the unemployment rate is about to emerge. As a result, the quality of life within the unemployed is likely to have improvement. Secondly, with more and more casinos set up in Hong Kong, our tourist industry will be benefited either. People regardless of their age, are fond of diverse lucky games, ranging from poker games to Mark Six and that’s why local people or travelers from the globe would respond to our gambling industry if created. Just like Macau, we can all see how Macau’s economy benefits from the well-developed gambling industry. Furthermore, there are not many cities constructed with casino, therefore if Hong Kong has this rare entertainment, we will stay ahead of our neighboring cities and the competitive edge will be preserved. After analyzing the possible good of the proposal, we should now move on to the opposite side discussing the hazard. Having been nagged about the harm of gambling, we are all clear of what excessive gambling could basically lead to. Just as some official advertisements claimed, once people begin to gamble, there is a big chance that they would get addicted unconsciously. As teenagers at such impressionable age are believed not self-disciplined enough, it is most feared compulsive gambling would be severest among vulnerable youngsters. In fact, not only will teens be involved, but also adults who tend to bet on their luck. As soon as casinos are readily available, people will treat gambling as a daily hobby and participate in gambling every now and then. What matters most is that such addiction of gamble could lead to an increase of crime rate. If gamblers had exhausted all their assets to gamble, they would probably resort to crimes like robbery, blackmail so as to gain more money to pay debts and pursue in gambling again. With these problems’ occurrence, the status quo of Hong Kong will be adversely affected. In addition to the impulse on the stability of Hong Kong, the competitiveness will deteriorate as well. Given that obsession of gambling can turns people into corruptible gamblers, the labor force of Hong Kong will be weakening due to a numerous of new gamblers used to have decent pursuit instead of gambling all the day. Consequently, with these lazybones draining our resources everyday and doing nothing to make contribution to our society, Hong Kong will no longer be a prosperous city. After reviewing both sides of views towards the issue, which one do you find more convincing? Personally, I reckon that the idea to legalize casino gambling should be abandoned. Even though it may contributes to our economy, it is as insensible to implement the suggestion as to promote gambling and put our prosperity at risk. In other words, it’s not worthwhile to trade our citizens’ mind for financial reward. Besides, there is no emergency to rush our economy development and that’s why, it’s not necessary to allow such hazardous business to get into our city. Hence, the proposal should not be approved, at least not for now.

Design Of Two Stage High Gain Opamp

Design Of Two Stage High Gain Opamp A High Swing Ultra-Low-Power Two Stage CMOS OP-AMP in 0.18 um Technology with 1.2v supply, is presented. Cascode technique has been used to increase the dc gain. The unity-gain bandwidth is also enhanced using a gain-stage in the Miller capacitor feedback path. The proposed opamp provides 236MHz unity-gain bandwidth, 109.7 degree phase margin. The circuit has 94.34dB gain. The power dissipation of the designed only is approximately 50uw. The designed system demonstrates relatively suitable response in different temperature. (1)Introduction:-Operational Amplifiers (Op amps) are one of the most widely used building blocks for analog and mixed-signal systems. They are employed from dc bias applications to high speed amplifiers and  ¬Ã‚ lters. General purpose op amps can be used as bu ¬Ã¢â€š ¬ers, summers, integrators, di ¬Ã¢â€š ¬erentiators, comparators, negative impedance converters, and many other applications. With the quick improvements of computer aided design (CAD) tools, advancements of semiconductor modeling, steady miniaturization of transistor scaling, and the progress of fabrication processes, the integrated circuit market is growing rapidly. Nowadays, complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology has become dominant over bipolar technology for analog circuit design in a mixed-signal system due to the industry trend of applying standard process technologies to implement both analog circuits and digital circuits on the same chip. While many digital circuits can be adapted to a smaller device level with a smaller power supply, most existing analog circuitry requires considerable change or even a redesign to accomplish the same feat. With transistor length being scaled down to a few tens of nanometers, analog circuits are becoming increasingly more di ¬Ã†â€™cult to improve upon. The operational amplifier is one of the most useful and important components of analog electronics. They are widely used in popular electronics. Their primary limitation is that they are not especially fast: The typical performance degrades rapidly for frequencies greater than about 1 MHz, although some models are designed specifically to handle higher frequencies. The primary use of op-amps in amplifier and related circuits is closely connected to the Concept of negative feedback. Feedback represents a vast and interesting topic in itself. We will discuss it in rudimentary terms a bit later. However, it is possible to get a feeling for the two primary types of amplifier circuits, inverting and non-inverting, by simply postulating a few simple rules (the golden rules). We will start in this way, and then go back to understand their origin in terms of feedback. (2)Basic Block diagram CMOS op-amp:- Operational Amplifiers are the backbone for many analog circuit designs. Op-Amps are one of the basic and important circuits which have a wide application in several analog circuits such as switched capacitor filters, algorithmic, pipelined and sigma delta A/D converter, sample and hold amplifier etc. The speed and accuracy of these circuits depends on the bandwidth and DC gain of the Op-amp. Larger the bandwidth and gain, higher the speed and accuracy of the amplifier Op-amp are a critical element in analog sampled data circuit, such as SC filters, modulators. The general block diagram of an op-amp with an output buffer is shown below http://s.eeweb.com/members/jessica_shoemaker/projects/2011/03/22/Image1-1300812338.png Figure 1. Block diagram of Op-Amp The first block is a differential amplifier. It has two inputs which are the inverting and non-inverting voltage. It provides at the output a differential voltage or a differential current that, essentially, depends on the differential input only. The next block is a differential to single-ended converter. It is used to transform the differential signal generated by the first block into a single ended version. Some architecture doesnt require the differential to single ended function; therefore the block can be excluded. In most cases the gain provided by the input stages is not sufficient and additional amplification is required. This is provided by intermediate stage, which is another differential amplifier, driven by the output of the first stage. As this stage uses differential input unbalanced output differential amplifier, so it provide required extra gain. The bias circuit is provided to establish the proper operating point for each transistor in its saturation region. Finally , we have the output buffer stage. It provides the low output impedance and larger output current needed to drive the load of op-amp or improves the slew rate of the op -amp. Even the output stage can be dropped: many integrated applications do not need low output impedance; moreover, the slew rate permitted by the gain stage can be sufficient for the application. If the op-amp is intended to drive a small purely capacitive load, which is the case in many switched capacitor or data conversion applications, the output buffer is not used. When the output stage is not used the circuit, it is an operational transconductance amplifier, OTA. The purpose of the compensation circuit is lower the gain at high frequencies and to maintain stability when negative feedback is applied to the op amp. A. Circuit Operation The final circuit designed to meet the required specifications is shown in Figure 2. The topology of this circuit is that of a standard CMOS op-amp. It comprised of three subsections of http://www.silvaco.com/tech_lib_TCAD/simulationstandard/1995/mar/a2/a2_fig1.gif Figure2. The topology chosen for this Op-Amp design. Circuit, namely differential gain stage, second gain stage and bias strings. It was found that this topology was able to successfully meet all of the design specifications. B. Differential Gain Stage Transistors M1, M2, M3, and M4 form the first stage of the op amp the differential amplifier with differential to single ended transformation. Transistors M1 and M2 are standard N channel MOSFET (NMOS) transistors which form the basic input stage of the amplifier. The gate of M1 is the inverting input and the gate of M2 is the non-inverting input. A differential input signal applied across the two input terminals will be amplified according to the gain of the differential stage. The gain of the stage is simply the transconductance of M2 times the total output resistance seen at the drain of M2. The two main resistances that contribute to the output resistance are that of the input transistors themselves and also the output resistance of the active load transistors, M3 and M4. The current mirror active load used in this circuit has three distinct advantages. First, the use of active load devices creates a large output resistance in a relatively small amount of die area. The current mi rror topology performs the differential to single-ended conversion of the input signal, and finally, the load also helps with common mode rejection ratio. In this stage, the conversion from differential to single ended is achieved by using a current mirror (M3 and M4). The current from M1 is mirrored by M3 and M4 and subtracted from the current from M2. The differential current from M1 and M2 multiplied by the output resistance of the first stage gives the single-ended output voltage, which constitutes the input of the second gain stage. C. Second Gain Stage The second stage is a current sink load inverter. The purpose of the second gain stage, as the name implies, is to provide additional gain in the amplifier. Consisting of transistors M5 and M6, this stage takes the output from the drain of M2 and amplifies it through M5 which is in the standard common source configuration. Again, similar to the differential gain stage, this stage employs an active device, M6, to serve as the load resistance for M5. The gain of this stage is the transconductance of M5 times the effective load resistance comprised of the output resistances of M5 and M6. M6 is the driver while M7 acts as the load. (3)Design of the op-amp The design in this project is a two-stage op amp with an n-channel input pair. The op amp uses a dual-polarity power supply (Vdd and Vss) so the ac signals can swing above and below ground and also be centered at ground. The hand calculation results provided the estimated parameters (such as transistor width and length, capacitance, etc.) to make the circuit schematic (shown in figure) in Design Architect IC and for the circuit analysis in Model Sim Eldo of Mentor Graphic Tool.Schematic used in this design is C:Documents and SettingsstudentDesktop44132421.png Design of two stage opamp using mentor graphics (4)Simulation Result Using Mentor Graphics EDA Tool we have design High Swing Ultra-Low-Power Two Stage CMOS OP-AMP as shown in schematic window. Fig 1 Fig 2 shows the Gain and Phase plot for basic two stage opamp. After simulation we have analyzed that the gain of the opamp is 94.34db and have a phase margin of 109.7 degree at 40 MHz frequency. This analysis can be made possible using different sizing of the MOS transistor at different stages. There graphs are as C:UsersDellDesktopopampGAIN GRAPH.png Fig. 1 Gain graph C:UsersDellDesktopopampPM.png Fig.2 phase margin plot From the reference paper[14] we have seen that the gain is 90 db which is improves up to 94.3db which is used in any of Analog designing. Table shows the brief of results as PARAMETERS VALUE PROCESS TECHNOLOGY 180nm GAIN 94.34 db PHASE MARGIN 109.7 ° at 40MHZ

The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada Essay -- World History

The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada The Great Depression of the 1930's is a benchmark for all depressions and recessions in the past and in the future. In the booklet "The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada" , Michiel Horn gives an intellectual dissection of the events that occurred during the Great Depression. Michiel Horn's approach leaves the reader with a foul taste for the Dirty Thirties. This essay will summarize Michiel Horns key points as well as discuss the ability of Michiel Horn to report his findings. Michiel Horn is currently the Chairman of the History Department at York University. His interests in the Great Depression revolve around the history of taxation. Therefore, he is interested in making sure that this sequence of events is fully understood so that future generations never allow it to happen again. There are several causes of the Great Depression which Michiel Horn touches on throughout his writings. The initial tool that he used to help understand the situation was to look at statistical data from that time. Through use of this data, a greater understanding of the physical hardships could be quantified and compared to present day. The reading begins with statistics about the shocking rate of unemployment. In 1933, at the height of the depression, the unemployment rate was between 19.3and 27 percent. The industrial activity in 1933 was only 57 percent of the average activity for the years 1925-29. The causes for the Great Depression were easy to see, but hard to fix. The problems included the inability of foreign countries to purchase surplus goods produced by other countries. Before the Great Depression, the British used this tactic to stabilize the market. Unfort... ...ults of the recession. In order for this never to happen again, there is a need to learn from the mistakes in the past and to look for the warning signs. The problem is not just restricted to one country, but is a global problem and needs to be addressed as such. The Great Depression often seems very distant to people of the 21st century. This article is a good reminder of potential problems that may reoccur. The article showed in a very literal way the idea that a depression can bring a growing country to its knees. The overall ramifications of the event were never discussed in detail, but the historical significance is that people's lives were put on hold while they tried to struggle through an extremely difficult time. Bibliography Michiel, Horn. The Great Depression of the 1930s in Canada. Ottawa: The Canadian Historical Association, 1984.

Praise of Chain Stores by Virginia Postrel Essay example -- wal-mart, e

â€Å"So what’s wrong if the country has 158 neighborhood California Pizza Kitchens instead of one or two?† Virginia Postrel inquires in her In Praise of Chain Stores essay (Postrel 348). In rebuttal, I plan to answer her question with more reasons than one. However, the responses I intend to offer apply not only to the CPKs of America, but for all the national retailers, big box stores, chain stores, and the like. National retailers destroy the local character of small towns. Chain stores should be limited to only run in a few highly populated urban areas. Furthermore, the costs saved in the convenience and familiarity of chain stores do not outweigh the negative economic impact and damaging effects that they can have on a community’s well-being. Postrel develops her support of national retailers throughout the essay, offering the opinion that it isn’t the stores that give places their character, but instead, aspects like the terrain, weather and culture that do (Postrel 347). While terrain, weather and culture can set apart regions, such as New England from The Deep South, and Southern California from the Midwest, it’s the community that gives each town their own special character. A community consists of the residents, their restaurants, hardware stores, pharmacies, ice cream parlors, farmers markets, and so on. These places, and the interactions that occur daily at each establishment, are the fabric that differentiate them, and create the breeding ground for diverse characteristics to flourish. While Postrel argues that wildly different business establishments across America in the past is a myth , it’s actually not necessarily that the products that varied from store to store, but more the aforementio ned factors that truly set ... ...he amount of a certain retailer’s establishments constructed within a certain amount of mileage. For example, a Wal-Mart on the north side of town and the south side of town is excessive. There is no question that chain stores have a detrimental effect on the measurable character and community of small towns. Not only are residents effected economically and collectively, but the character of the area is also threatened or compromised. In conclusion, we should all take a step back and see how we can give back to our community by leveling the playing field for local businesses. The first step in doing so is to realize the negative influences chain stores impose on small towns. Works Cited Postrel, Virginia. â€Å"In Praise of Chain Stores.†Model Essays: A Portable Anthology. Eds. Jane E. Aaron and Ellen Kuhl Repetto. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2013. 345-49

Narrative Experience Essay

Being a foreign student whose first language is Chinese, I had a hard time pushing myself into the world of English. I started to learn English at age six, which is rather a young age for Chinese to study a second language. At that time, English only meant the alphabet to me. I felt quite easy playing with my 24 friends all day long. However, I planned to escape from the English world when I met grammar, vocabulary and sentence structures. I tried my best to memorize the grammars, to use the various different kinds of vocabularies. Nevertheless, what I wrote still looked boring; lacked content and theme. It was just like having all the right pieces for a puzzle called English Composition, but the process was so hard that I did not know where to put each of them to get the final picture. Like a baby who falls via learning how to walk, I totally had no idea how to walk on a road called academic writing. To be specific, I â€Å"fell† every time I wrote argumentative essay. Last year, as a foreign student who wanted to study abroad, I need to attend a language test called TOEFL. Writing an argumentative essay is a part of the test. An argumentative essay should consist of a mean topic and several logical theses to support the mean theme. I memorized this instruction but felt rather confusing. I had no problem clarifying which sentence should be the topic but was bad at giving detailed arguments. When I did a simulative test for the first time, I was required to write my opinions about homeschooling. Suddenly plenty of stories about homeschooling came up to my minds. â€Å"Well, it is just like a piece of cake since I can use the story from Helen Keller, Edison and etc.! † I told myself while writing down four stories about homeschooling. However, I only got 10 out of 30 for my first try. I was shocked by the comment, â€Å"Lacking clear theses to develop the topic. Although there are several beautiful sentence structures, there is no connection between each sentence. † said by the English teacher. To be honest, I am also bad at writing compositions in my mother tongue, Chinese. Not being logical is a problem existing both in my Chinese and English composition. It is a problem about my way of thinking indeed. I could hardly find a proper way to learn how to writing an argumentative essay and I paused around the starting point. In order to understand how to write English compositions and get a better score, I took a summer course for preparing for the TOEFL test. It was when I met my god of logic, who totally changed my attitude towards English composition. He is my writing teacher Brian. Brian never used a textbook, what he need was just a marker and a blackboard. His syllabus was never about what we would learn each day but full of topics. I still remember he wrote â€Å"automobile† on the blackboard for the first class. â€Å"Trust me; we can finish a 1000-word essay about this topic within the next 2 hours. † Then he said. â€Å"One thousand?! † I repeated. At that time, I thought he was bragging because it was just the first composition class. And based on my understanding, we were supposed to study some words and sentence structures which can be used as templates rather than looking at a topic. Hence, I turned to be curious about what he was going to say next. I had a strange feeling that I would gain something special from him. â€Å"What will people usually think of when talking about automobile? † He continued without pausing, â€Å"The history of automobile. † †The concept of automobile,† students replied. â€Å"Then, let us Google a definition for automobile to start this topic,† he opened the monitor and typed the word while speaking. The prior choice was the definition from Wikipedia, â€Å"An automobile is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transporting passengers, which also carries its own engine or motor. † He used it as the first sentence. He went on capturing another sentence illustrating the history of automobile just from the same page. â€Å"Ok, since automobile has such a long history as we can see from the second sentence, what can you think of after it? † â€Å"It must have brought lots of changes to the daily life of our people! † I replied naturally, â€Å"Bravo! So girl, give me some more details that you can think of,† He moved to my front and start to ask me constantly. Well, we can travel to some place we have never been to and we can start off whenever we want! † â€Å"Give me an example! † While I was telling him the story after my father bought his first car, he turned back to the blackboard and wrote down what I had just said. I started to be much interested in what he would ask next since this was definitely a new teaching method to me. Brian interacted with us during the whole two hours. Dramatically, we really finished a 1000-word draft at the end. I totally could not believe it and continued looking at the blackboard filling with all the sentences we came up with during the two hours. They are just the stories and ideas from our brains. In my view, they are just what we would say when chatting with others. Brian used a magic rope to tie them up and change them into a composition! â€Å"Being logical is not that hard. The only thing we need to do is connecting your sentences while spreading out your topic. Every time you wrote down a sentence, ask yourself, ’what do I think of it,’ ‘what should I write next. ’† Brian said at the end of the class. I used to be busy searching for fancy but meaningless words or skillful but useless phrases without knowing why I use it. Hence, my essay had no logic and no content. It is just a bunch of irrelevant sentences. Just like a chic lady without a clear face. Brian used simple questions to lead my logic and develop the theme of the essay naturally. Every sentence in the draft suddenly made sense to me. I had no problem understanding the connection between two sentences and why we need to give examples for explaining the benefits of automobile. The method of inquiry lifts me to another level of understanding what literacy is. At first, I though literacy was just about different types of writing formats, like narratives, argument essays, poetry, etc.. But I deny them all now. In my point of view, making sense is the priority. If a passage lacks logic, we can learn nothing from it although we read numerous difficult sentences. Since then, no matter what kind of essay I am required to write, I start from the words and sentences which make sense to me. Then I follow the instruction to modify them. Yes, I see my door to the world of English. I want to end my literary experience with an interesting story happened last week, my brother Dill asked me to help him with his TOEFL composition. As I was reading his draft, all the old memories of my learning process just came back. This time, I had a clear purpose. While modifying each thesis and point arguing about what the mobile has brought to our daily life, I just used what my teacher, Brian told me to do. I know I should ask myself the connection between each sentence from the beginning. My brother started his essay with a story about his first cellphone. But I think it would be clearer if he pointed out his theme first and use this story as an argument example. Although it has been a year since I took the TOEFL course, this method for literary writing is just like what I just learnt yesterday. Writing an argumentative essay does not seem to be a barrier to me anymore.

Car Insurance Database

This task is related to creation and update of database which is going to contain the data of an insurance company. The database is developed in MS-Access. In order to create the database in MS-Access, the first step is to create the database from file menu of the MS-Access and provide any suitable name (e. g. the name chosen for this project is vechicle_insurance). The next step is to use the query option and execute the queries one by one (the queries are available in this document).All the queries provided in the document are compatible with MS-Access. Six tables are created by the Data Definition Language (DDL) query and the data is inserted into the table by the insert query or Data Modification Language (DML). In addition to DDL & DML, browse, search and update queries are also provided in this document. In the following section, Data dictionary is provided which is a mapping of the fields with the data type.The Entity-relationship (ER) diagram is provided on a separate documen t which shows the relationship amongst all six table tables and how they are connected to each other. In the ER diagram, Id is primary key for each table. All the tables are normalized to 3rd form of the normalization. Data Dictionary There are six tables in vehicle insurance database. Each table contains certain number of fields. Each field gives the information of related table.